Abstract

Background
Effective pediatric resuscitation relies on both technical proficiency and non-technical skills, including leadership, communication, and teamwork [1]. These skills enhance role clarity, situational awareness, and coordinated interprofessional responses under pressure [2].
Combined with technical performance, they improve outcomes, build confidence, and foster collaboration. Simulation-based training provides a structured environment to strengthen decision-making, task delegation, and closed-loop communication [3]. This study assessed the impact of interprofessional simulation-based pediatric resuscitation training on non-technical skills and team readiness.

Methods
A pre/post interventional study was conducted at Al Wakra Hospital over 10 months starting December 2024, included 75 participants, comprising physicians and pediatric nurses, who were randomized into 12 teams with a designated leader for each team. 2.5-3 hours program following Advanced Life Support Group (ALSG) Guidelines, included a 1-hour interactive presentation and 1.5-2 hours of simulation scenarios, with 2–3 leaders trained per session with their teams. Each leader led a 10-15-minute pediatric resuscitation scenario with structured debriefing and faculty feedback. Pre-training scores were collected immediately before, and post-training scores after completion of entire mass training. Outcomes were measured using a validated 30-item non-technical skills checklist scored by independent observers with each item rated as 1 if demonstrated and 0 if not demonstrated (maximum possible score = 30), covering leadership, teamwork, and communication. Team readiness was assessed by post-training self-reported survey. Pre–post differences were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results
Descriptive and inferential data analysis of normalized mean scores (0–1 scale, with 1 representing the maximum possible score: leadership = 10, teamwork = 14, communication = 6) demonstrated significant improvements in leadership (0.32 → 0.90, p<0.01), teamwork (0.71 → 0.92, p=0.02), and communication (0.20 → 0.88, p<0.01) (Table 1). Participants likewise reported enhanced team readiness (Figure 1).

Conclusion
Interprofessional simulation-based training markedly improved non-technical skills and team readiness in pediatric resuscitation.

Author contributions
All authors contributed equally and validated the final version of record.
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere appreciation to the administration of the Hamad International Training Center (HITC) for their continuous guidance and support, Ms. Khulud Maghraby for her input and to the administration of Al Wakra Hospital, along with the Nursing Education Team and the Pediatric Division, for their invaluable cooperation and contributions throughout this project.

Declarations
Conflicts Of Interests
The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Funding
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Registration
No registration applicable.
Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Ethical approval
The study was approved as Quality improvement project by Director of HITC and was exempted from ethical approval.

References

1.      Friedlaender RF, Gubert EM, Fernandes CMB, Mello RG, Coelho ICMM. Evaluation of acquisition and retention of non-technical skills of residents submitted to interprofessional simulation-based training in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2025 Feb 26;101(3):394–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.12.003

2.      Matlhaba K. Managing Complex Situations. In: Enhancing Clinical Competence of Graduate Nurses. 1st ed. Springer Cham; 2025. p. 161–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81407-5

3.      Rehman U, Sarwar MS, Jarvis S, Oeppen RS, Brennan PA. The critical importance of non-technical skills in developing surgical teams in the digital era. Surgery (Oxford). 2025 Mar 1;43(3):171–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2025.01.005